Co-reporter:Xiao-fei Guo;Bo Yang;Jun Tang;Jia-Jing Jiang
Food & Function (2010-Present) 2017 vol. 8(Issue 3) pp:927-934
Publication Date(Web):2017/03/22
DOI:10.1039/C6FO01378C
The conclusions from epidemiological studies are controversial between apple and pear consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. The present study aimed to investigate whether apple and pear consumption was inversely associated with T2DM risk, and to evaluate the potential dose–response relationship. The Cochrane library, Embase and PubMed databases were searched up to Nov 2016. Prospective cohort studies, which reported the association of apple and pear consumption with incidence of T2DM, were included. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RRs) for the highest versus lowest category were combined by using a random-effects model. A restricted cubic spline regression model was performed to examine the dose–response relationship. A total of 5 independent prospective cohort studies were included (14 120 T2DM incident cases and 228 315 participants). The summary estimate showed that consumption of apples and pears was associated with 18% reduction in T2DM risk (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75, 0.88; I2 = 0.00%). Dose–response analysis showed that one serving per week increment of apple and pear consumption was associated with a 3% (95% CI: 0.96, 0.98; p for trend <0.001) reduction in T2DM risk. The present meta-analysis provides significant evidence of an inverse association between apple and pear consumption and T2DM risk.
Co-reporter:Mengqing Lu;Hailong Xiao;Kelei Li;Jiajing Jiang;Kejian Wu
Food & Function (2010-Present) 2017 vol. 8(Issue 9) pp:3306-3310
Publication Date(Web):2017/09/20
DOI:10.1039/C7FO00324B
The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and progesterone in breast milk over different lactation periods, and to assess their relationship with the mother's diet. Ninety-six breast milk samples as well as 24-hour dietary records from 32 lactating mothers were collected on day 1 (colostrum), day 14 (transitional milk) and day 42 (mature milk) after delivery in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of E2, E3 and progesterone differed significantly through different periods of lactation (p < 0.001). The content of E2 in colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk was 1.60 ± 0.96 μg L−1, 0.83 ± 0.36 μg L−1 and 1.26 ± 0.48 μg L−1, respectively. The concentrations of E3 were 2.09 ± 1.66 μg L−1, 2.23 ± 1.74 μg L−1 and 4.64 ± 2.15 μg L−1, respectively. The concentrations of progesterone were 6.10 ± 8.30 μg L−1, 4.25 ± 4.76 μg L−1 and 1.70 ± 2.42 μg L−1, respectively. The concentration of progesterone in breast milk was significantly negatively correlated with the intake of protein (p = 0.015), fat (p = 0.008), vegetables (p = 0.012), and meat and eggs (p = 0.036), while the concentration of E3 was significantly positively correlated with the intake of soy products (p = 0.025). This information indicates that the concentrations of E2, E3 and progesterone in breast milk varied over the lactating period. Dietary intake will to some extent affect the contents of E3 and progesterone in breast milk.
Co-reporter:Xiao-fei Guo;Jin-long Gao;Jiao-mei Li
Food & Function (2010-Present) 2017 vol. 8(Issue 11) pp:4053-4061
Publication Date(Web):2017/11/15
DOI:10.1039/C7FO01050H
High-fat and high-sugar (HFS) diets have been suggested to play a causal role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate whether fat-1 transgenic mice with a higher tissue content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could prevent HFS diet-induced NAFLD, compared with wild-type mice. The fat-1 and wild-type littermates had free access to a 15% fructose solution plus high-fat diet, a 15% glucose solution plus high-fat diet, or a 15% sucrose solution plus high-fat diet, respectively. Caloric intake, weight gain, biochemical parameters, histology, and gene and protein expression levels were measured after 8 weeks of intervention. Liquid intake in glucose- or sucrose-fed mice was about 2-fold compared with that in fructose-fed mice. The wild-type mice given glucose showed the highest total caloric intake and weight gain compared to the other groups. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and alanine transaminase (ALT) were significantly lowered in fat-1 groups compared with their paired wild-type groups. Histological analysis showed that the wild-type groups fed the HFS diets developed hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis, compared with the fat-1 groups. The gene and protein expression levels involved in fatty acid synthesis and the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling pathway were significantly inhibited in the fat-1 groups compared with the wild-type groups. The endogenously synthesized n-3 PUFAs of the three fat-1 groups, which inhibit fatty acid synthesis and the TLR-4 signaling pathway, prevent HFS diet-induced NAFLD.
Co-reporter:Fenglei Wang, Yuanqing Fu, Wenwen Cai, Andrew J. Sinclair, Duo Li
Journal of Functional Foods 2016 Volume 23() pp:389-399
Publication Date(Web):May 2016
DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.002
•Effect of HMLE on DSS-induced colitis in mice was assessed.•HMLE regulated the production of NO, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10.•The mechanism might rely on the modulation of the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway.•Overall effect was comparable with standard anti-inflammatory drug SASP.The anti-inflammatory effect of a lipid extract from hard-shelled mussel (HMLE) on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice was investigated. Salicylazosulphapyridine (SASP) and different doses of HMLE were administered by gastric gavage. HMLE significantly attenuated DSS-induced colitis disease activity index scores, tissue damage, splenic enlargement and colon myeloperoxidase accumulation. In addition, HMLE improved colon oxidative stress and production and expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, while HMLE inhibited the abnormal productions and mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as the expression of key molecules in the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signalling pathway. These findings suggest that HMLE has an anti-inflammatory effect on DSS-induced colitis, equivalent to that of SASP, and this effect might be related to the regulation of inflammatory mediators and key molecules in the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway.
Co-reporter:Jiajing Jiang, Kejian Wu, Zuxun Yu, Yiping Ren, Yiming Zhao, Yuan Jiang, Xingfang Xu, Wei Li, Yongxin Jin, Jihong Yuan and Duo Li
Food & Function 2016 vol. 7(Issue 7) pp:3154-3162
Publication Date(Web):01 Jun 2016
DOI:10.1039/C6FO00304D
Breast milk samples and 24-hour food records were obtained from lactating mothers on day 1 (colostrum), day 14 (transitional milk) and day 42 (mature milk) from Hangzhou (n = 202), Lanzhou (n = 133) and Beijing (n = 142), China. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by standard methods, separated and quantified by gas chromatography. We aimed to investigate the fatty acid composition (% of total fatty acid) in human milk of three lactating stages from three regions in China and the relationship with maternal dietary intake during lactation. Present results showed that the fatty acid composition of breast milk varied with lactating period and geographical regions in China. In all the milk samples, the total saturated fatty acid (SFA) remained stable. However, C10:0 and C12:0 increased over the lactation period, total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) significantly increased from colostrum (34.50%) to transitional milk (37.06%), and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) showed its highest percentage in colostrum (29.58%). In particular, C22:6n-3 and C22:5n-3 were lowest in mature milk (0.38% and 0.41%, respectively), and C18:3n-3 (1.83%) was lowest in colostrum. There were significant differences among the three regions in total MUFA and PUFA in breast milk. The Hangzhou samples had the lowest C18:1n-9 and highest C22:6n-3. Additionally, C22:6n-3, total PUFA and n-3 PUFA were lowest in the Lanzhou samples. Different dietary habits were largely the drivers behind the different fatty acid profiles among the three regions.
Co-reporter:Jiajing Jiang, Hailong Xiao, Kejian Wu, Zuxun Yu, Yiping Ren, Yiming Zhao, Kelei Li, Jiaomei Li and Duo Li
Food & Function 2016 vol. 7(Issue 4) pp:1985-1991
Publication Date(Web):04 Mar 2016
DOI:10.1039/C5FO01293G
Human milk is considered as an optimal nutrition source for neonates, and vitamins A and E improve oxidative stress in offspring through breast milk. We aim to determine α-tocopherol and retinol contents in breast milk obtained over the course of lactation stages from mothers in three regions in China, and to investigate their correlation with maternal dietary intake during lactation. Human milk samples and 24 hour food records were obtained from mothers in Hangzhou (n = 34), Lanzhou (n = 34) and Beijing (n = 34) on day 1 (colostrum), day 14 (transitional milk) and day 42 (mature milk) postpartum. Concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol in breast milk samples were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The breast milk concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol decreased over progress of lactation stages (P < 0.001). The retinol content of transitional milk from Hangzhou was higher than that in Lanzhou (P = 0.019) and Beijing (P < 0.001), and the α-tocopherol content in colostrum from Hangzhou showed a lower concentration than that from Lanzhou (P = 0.001). There was a significantly positive correlation between retinol and α-tocopherol contents in colostrum (r = 0.37, P = 0.002), transitional (r = 0.41, P < 0.001) and mature milk (r = 0.53, P < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between any dietary constituents (grain, fruit, vegetable, dairy, egg and meat, oil and bean products) and either retinol or α-tocopherol.
Co-reporter:X Guo;B Yang;J Tan;J Jiang;D Li
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2016 70(12) pp:1360-1367
Publication Date(Web):2016-08-17
DOI:10.1038/ejcn.2016.142
To investigate the associations of dietary intakes of anthocyanins and berry fruits with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk and to evaluate the potential dose–response relationships based on prospective cohort studies. Cochrane library, Embase and PubMed databases were systematically searched up to Jan 2016 for relevant original studies. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated with a random effects model comparing the highest with lowest category. Dose–response was estimated using restricted cubic spline regression models. Three cohort studies reporting dietary anthocyanin intake with 200 894 participants and 12 611 T2DM incident cases, and five cohort studies reporting berry intake with 194 019 participants and 13 013 T2DM incident cases were investigated. Dietary anthocyanin consumption was associated with a 15% reduction of T2DM risk (summary RR=0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80–0.91; I2=14.5%). Consumption of berries was associated with an 18% reduction of T2DM risk (summary RR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.76–0.89; I2=48.6%). Significant curvilinear associations were found between dietary intake of anthocyanins (P for nonlinearity=0.006) and berries (P for nonlinearity=0.028) and T2DM risk, respectively. The risk of T2DM was decreased by 5%, with a 7.5 mg/day increment of dietary anthocyanin intake (RR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.93-0.98; I2=0.00%) or with a 17 g/day increment of berry intake (RR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99; I2=0.00%), respectively. Higher dietary intakes of anthocyanins and berry fruits are associated with a lower T2DM risk.
Co-reporter:Gaofeng Yuan, Xiaoe Chen, and Duo Li
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2015 Volume 63(Issue 7) pp:1883-1895
Publication Date(Web):January 29, 2015
DOI:10.1021/jf505050c
Conjugated fatty acids including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) have drawn significant attention for their variety of biologically beneficial effects. Evidence suggested that CLA and CLNA could play physiological roles by regulating the expression and activity of PPAR γ. This review summarizes the current understanding of evidence of the role of CLA (cis-9,trans-11 CLA and trans-10,cis-12 CLA) and CLNA (punicic acid and α-eleostearic acid) in modulating the expression or activity of PPAR γ that could in turn be employed as complementary treatment for obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.
Co-reporter:Gao-Feng Yuan, Xiao-E. Chen and Duo Li
Food & Function 2014 vol. 5(Issue 7) pp:1360-1368
Publication Date(Web):03 Mar 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4FO00037D
Conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of octadecatrienoic acid (α-linolenic acid, cis9,cis12,cis15–18:3 n-3) found in plant seeds. Three 8,10,12–18:3 isomers and four 9,11,13–18:3 isomers have been reported to occur naturally. CLNA isomers such as punicic acid, α-eleostearic acid and jacaric acid have been attributed to exhibit several health benefits that are largely based on animal and in vitro studies. This review has summarized and updated the evidence regarding the metabolism and bioactivities of CLNA isomers, and comprehensively discussed the recent studies on the effects of anti-carcinogenic, lipid metabolism regulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-obese and antioxidant activities of CLNA isomers. The available results may provide a potential application for CLNA isomers from natural sources, especially edible plant seeds, as effective functional food ingredients and dietary supplements for the above mentioned disease management. Further research, especially human randomized clinical trials, is warranted to investigate the detailed physiological effects, bioactivity and molecular mechanism of CLNA.
Co-reporter:Yuanqing Fu, Yan Zhang, Huiying Hu, Ying Chen, Rong Wang, Duo Li, Songbai Liu
Food Chemistry 2014 163() pp: 171-177
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.093
Co-reporter:YING CHEN;TIAN-XING SHOU;QIAN-YUAN ZHANG
Journal of Food Biochemistry 2013 Volume 37( Issue 2) pp:144-150
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00611.x
ABSTRACT
The bioavailability of diacylglycerol (DAG) microemulsion (DAGM) was investigated in rats. The fatty acid (FA) concentrations in the serum of all rats at 0, 6 and 24h and in feces after oral administration of DAGM and DAG oil were examined. The results showed that the FA concentration of the DAGM group was significantly higher than that of the DAG oil group at 6 h after treatment. The digestibility was detected in rats for 2 weeks. During this period, there was no significant difference in the body weight between the two groups. However, the total food consumption of rats treated with DAGM was evidently less than that treated with DAG oil (P = 0.006). The fat absorption of DAGM was significantly higher than that of DAG oil. The contents of 18:1, 18:2n–6 and 18:3n–3 were significantly lower in the DAGM group than that in the DAG group in fecal lipids. In conclusion, DAGM seems to be a good candidate for enhancing the bioavailability of DAG.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
With the advantage of enhancing the bioavailability of active compounds, microemulsion is widely used as a delivery vehicle for actives in pharmaceutics. However, the application of microemulsion technology in common foods has not been prevalent. Diacylglycerol (DAG) oil is an edible and functional oil, the beneficial effects of DAG oil have been shown on both animal and human studies. We have prepared a microemulsion containing DAG oil and investigated the bioavailability of DAGM. Compared with DAG oil, DAGM showed the advantage of high absorption of DAG. The results obtained here could provide a new application of DAG oil in food industry. Furthermore, in the case of achieving the same effect, the excellent absorption implied that DAGM can reduce DAG oil dosage, thereby reducing the economic costs.
Co-reporter:Guipu Li;Anish Singh;Yandi Liu;Bruce Sunderland
Lipids 2013 Volume 48( Issue 2) pp:105-113
Publication Date(Web):2013 February
DOI:10.1007/s11745-012-3752-4
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sandalwood seed oil on fatty acid (FA) profiles and inflammatory factors in rats. Fifty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five different dietary groups: 10 % soybean oil (SO), 10 % olive oil (OO), 10 % safflower oil (SFO), 10 % linseed oil (LSO) and 8 % sandalwood seed oil blended with 2 % SO (SWSO) for 8 weeks. The SWSO group had a higher total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels but lower n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios in both adipose tissue and liver than those in the SO, OO and SFO groups (p < 0.05). Although the SWSO group had a much lower 18:3n-3 level (4.51 %) in their dietary lipids than the LSO group (58.88 %), the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA: 22:6n-3) in liver lipids and phospholipids of the SWSO group (7.52 and 11.77 %) were comparable to those of the LSO group (7.07 and 13.16 %). Ximenynic acid, a predominant acetylenic FA in sandalwood seed oil, was found to be highly incorporated into adipose tissue (13.73 %), but relatively lower in liver (0.51 %) in the SWSO group. The levels of prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in both liver and plasma were positively correlated with the n-6:n-3 ratios, suggesting that increased n-6 PUFA appear to increase the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas n-3 PUFA exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. The present results suggest that sandalwood seed oil could increase tissue levels of n-3 PUFA, DHA and reduce the n-6:n-3 ratio, and may increase the anti-inflammatory activity in rats.
Co-reporter:Jingshun Zhang, Shiyun Lai, Yu Zhang, Baifen Huang, Duo Li, Yiping Ren
Analytica Chimica Acta 2012 Volume 727() pp:47-53
Publication Date(Web):21 May 2012
DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2012.03.034
The determination of α-lactalbumin in various dairy products attracts wide attention in multidiscipline fields because of its nutritional and biological functions. In the present study, we quantified the bovine α-lactalbumin in various infant formulas and whey protein concentrates using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Bovine α-lactalbumin was quantified by employing the synthetic internal standard based on the molar equivalent relationship among the internal standard, bovine α-lactalbumin and their signature peptides. This study especially focused on the recovery rates of the sample preparation procedure and robust quantification of total bovine α-lactalbumin in its native and thermally denatured form with a synthetic internal standard KILDKVGINNYWLAHKALCSE. The observed recovery rates of bovine α-lactalbumin ranged from 95.8 to 100.6% and the reproducibility was excellent (RSD < 6%) at different spiking levels. The limit of quantitation is 10 mg/100 g for infant formulas and whey protein concentrates. In order to validate the applicability of the method, 21 brands of infant formulas were analyzed. The acquired contents of bovine α-lactalbumin were 0.67–1.84 g/100 g in these infant formulas in agreement with their label claimed values. The experiment of heat treatment time showed that the loss of native α-lactalbumin enhanced with an increasing intensity of heat treatment. Comparing with Ren's previous method by analysis of only native bovine α-lactalbumin, the present method at the peptide level proved to be highly suitable for measuring bovine α-lactalbumin in infant formulas and whey protein concentrates, avoiding forgoing the thermally induced denatured α-lactalbumin caused by the technological processing.Graphical abstract.Highlights► A UHPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of bovine α-lactalbumin was developed. ► Tryptic fragment VGINYWLAHK was chosen as signature peptide of bovine α-lactalbumin. ► An optimal internal standard was designed and synthesized to measure α-lactalbumin. ► It can measure both native and heat thermally induced denatured bovine α-lactalbumin. ► Meet the growing demand to quantify bovine α-lactalbumin in infant formulas and WPC.
Co-reporter:Jingshun Zhang;Yiping Ren;Baifen Huang;Baohua Tao;Marlene Ransborg Pedersen
Journal of Separation Science 2012 Volume 35( Issue 8) pp:937-946
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/jssc.201101039
A method of ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) has been established for simultaneous determination of major disialoganglioside 3 (GD3) and monosialoganglioside 3 (GM3) in infant formulas and whey protein concentrates. Gangliosides were extracted by using the technique of Svennerholm and Fredman and then cleaned up with OASIS HLB solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. The various molecular species of gangliosides were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C8 column and analyzed under the negative ion mode. GD3 and GM3 were rapidly quantified using internal standard (IS) method. The developed method was further validated by determining the linearity, average recovery, sensitivity (limit of quantification), and precision. The results presented high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.993) of the selected 16 gangliosides molecular species and provided the respective linear ranges. The limit of quantification was 0.325–0.734 mg/100 g for eight molecular species of GD3 and 0.008–0.312 mg/100 g for eight molecular species of GM3, respectively. The reasonable average recoveries (81–95%) and precision (relative standard deviation [RSD] ≤15%) were also demonstrated in three different spiked levels. This new method would be very useful in the quantitative determination of gangliosides in infant formulas and whey protein concentrates.
Co-reporter:Jing Yang;Ciqin Zhou;Gaofeng Yuan
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 2012 Volume 89( Issue 3) pp:401-407
Publication Date(Web):2012 March
DOI:10.1007/s11746-011-1928-3
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim (T. kirilowii) seeds from four geographical locations (Changxing, Quzhou, Yuexi, Dongzhi) contained 26.15–49.41% oil and 28.68–37.90% protein. The seed oil was distinguished by the conjugated linolenic acids, punicic acid (PA) and α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA). The main fatty acids in T. kirilowii seed oils were ranked in the following order: punicic acid (33.09–39.15%), linolenic acid (33.77–38.66%), oleic acid (15.15–24.88%), palmitic acid (2.36–4.86%). PA was the main isomer of CLNA (33.09–39.15%). No significant differences were found either in PA content or in α-ESA content of T. kirilowii seed from these geographical locations. Little difference was observed in the quantitative composition of the lipid contents of seeds from different geographical locations. The α-tocopherol content of T. kirilowii seed ranged from 6.34 to 31.74 mg/100 g, with the highest levels in Changxing seeds. The present results showed that T. kirilowii seeds were especially rich in PA, and their contents were not influenced by the geographical locations. Variation in some proximate compositions by geographical locations may be caused by ecological conditions, temperature, climate condition, technical and cultural conditions.
Co-reporter:Ju-Sheng Zheng;Amei Xu;Tao Huang;Xiaomei Yu
Lipids 2012 Volume 47( Issue 6) pp:549-556
Publication Date(Web):2012 June
DOI:10.1007/s11745-012-3671-4
A large proportion of the Chinese population is now at risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma phospholipids (PL) fatty acids and the risk of NAFLD. One hundred NAFLD patients and 100 healthy subjects were recruited in Hangzhou, China. Plasma PL and selected biochemical and hematological parameters were analyzed by using standard methods. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of NAFLD. Plasma PL total saturated fatty acid (SFA), C20:3n-6, serum alanine aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index were independent risk factors of NAFLD. The risk of NAFLD was significantly increased with higher quartiles of plasma PL total SFA (P for trend = 0.028) and C20:3n-6 (P for trend <0.001); plasma PL docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) was significantly lower in NAFLD patients than in controls (P = 0.032) and the OR of NAFLD in the highest quartile of C22:6n-3 was 0.41 (95 % CI = 0.17–0.97) compared with the lowest quartile. In conclusion, plasma PL total SFA and C20:3n-6 are positively correlated with the risk of NAFLD, while C22:6n-3 is negatively correlated with the risk of NAFLD.
Co-reporter:Duo Li
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011 Volume 59(Issue 3) pp:777-784
Publication Date(Web):January 4, 2011
DOI:10.1021/jf103846u
This review summarizes the effect of a habitual vegetarian diet on clinical complications in relation to chemistry and biochemistry. Omnivores have a significantly higher cluster of cardiovascular risk factors compared with vegetarians, including increased body mass index, waist to hip ratio, blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol and LDL-C levels, serum lipoprotein(a) concentration, plasma factor VII activity, ratios of TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C and TAG/HDL-C, and serum ferritin levels. Compared with omnivores, vegetarians, especially vegans, have lower serum vitamin B12 concentration and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels in the tissue membrane phospholipids, which are associated with increased collagen and ADP stimulated ex vivo whole blood platelet aggregation, plasma 11-dehydrothromboxane B2, and homocysteine levels and decreased plasma HDL-C. This may be associated with an increased thrombotic and atherosclerotic risk. It is suggested that vegetarians, especially vegans, should increase their dietary n-3 PUFA and vitamin B12 intakes.
Co-reporter:Guipu Li, Andrew J. Sinclair, and Duo Li
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011 Volume 59(Issue 5) pp:1871-1881
Publication Date(Web):February 3, 2011
DOI:10.1021/jf104154q
The lipid content and fatty acid composition in the edible meat of twenty-nine species of wild and cultured freshwater and marine fish and shrimps were investigated. Both the lipid content and fatty acid composition of the species were specified due to their unique food habits and trophic levels. Most of the marine fish demonstrated higher lipid content than the freshwater fish, whereas shrimps had the lowest lipid content. All the marine fish and shrimps had much higher total n-3 PUFA than n-6 PUFA, while most of the freshwater fish and shrimps demonstrated much lower total n-3 PUFA than n-6 PUFA. This may be the biggest difference in fatty acid composition between marine and freshwater species. The cultured freshwater fish demonstrated higher percentages of total PUFA, total n-3 PUFA, and EPA + DHA than the wild freshwater fish. Two freshwater fish, including bighead carp and silver carp, are comparable to the marine fish as sources of n-3 PUFA.
Co-reporter:Guipu Li, Jiong Li and Duo Li
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2010 Volume 58(Issue 13) pp:7831-7837
Publication Date(Web):June 16, 2010
DOI:10.1021/jf101526c
Seasonal variation in the nutrient composition of Mytilus coruscus (thick shell mussel), cultivated in Shengsi Islands, Zhejiang Province, China, was investigated in this study. Proximate composition, mineral and amino acid concentrations, as well as the compositions of the lipid and fatty acid of thick shell mussels were analyzed. Proximate composition and mineral contents were seasonally varied significantly except for calcium (Ca) and lead (Pb). Glycine was the predominant amino acid in mussels throughout all seasons, while lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, and arginine were the main essential amino acids. The predominant lipids were phospholipids, followed by triacylglycerols and sterol esters. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) predominated over saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids throughout the year. Docosahexaenoic acid (12.44−18.34% of total fatty acids) and eicosapentaenoic acid (10.79−14.60%) were the most abundant PUFA. Significant seasonal variations were observed in the compositions of most amino acids, lipid classes, and fatty acids. Cultivated Chinese thick shell mussels represent a source of the health benefiting long chain n-3 PUFA, essential amino acids, and minerals for human consumption.
Co-reporter:Gaofeng Yuan;Haiyan Sun;Andrew J. Sinclair
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 2009 Volume 111( Issue 6) pp:537-545
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/ejlt.200800200
Abstract
The effects of two isomers of conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA), α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) and punicic acid (PA), on body fat and lipid metabolism were investigated, compared with a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture (primarily cis9,trans11- and trans10,cis12-18:2) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), a non-conjugated octadecatrienoic acid, in the present study. ICR mice were fed either a control diet or one of four experimental diets supplemented with 1% α-ESA, 1% PA, 1% CLA mixture and 1% ALA in the form of triacylglycerols (TAG) for 6 weeks. The weights of perirenal and epididymal adipose tissues were significantly decreased while the liver weight was significantly increased in mice fed CLA, compared with the control. In contrast to CLA, the tissue weights in α—ESA-, PA- and ALA-fed mice were not affected. No significant differences were observed in TAG, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels among the five groups. The liver TAG level was significantly decreased in mice fed α-ESA and PA while it was significantly increased in mice fed the CLA mixture. These results indicate that CLnA and CLA have differential effects on body fat mass and liver TAG levels in mice.
Co-reporter:Tongcheng Xu;Xia Li;Xiaohang Ma;Zhiguo Zhang;Tiansong Zhang
Lipids 2009 Volume 44( Issue 2) pp:
Publication Date(Web):2009/02/01
DOI:10.1007/s11745-008-3258-2
Diacylglycerol (DAG) supplementation has been shown to be associated with the reduction of postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration, although the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively examined the effect of dietary DAG on postprandial serum TAG concentration by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Potential papers were initially searched for in the electronic databases of Medline, Embase and Cochrane library. Inclusion criteria required the trial to be randomized with DAG as the treatment group, and TAG as the control group. Information was extracted independently by two investigators and the effect of DAG on postprandial TAG concentration was examined in Review Manager 4.2. Seven papers were included in the statistic pooling. DAG supplementation reduced the increment of postprandial TAG concentration significantly at postprandial 2 h (Weighted mean difference (WMD) −0.07 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.13 to 0.00 mmol/L; P = 0.05), 4 h (WMD −0.15 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.24 to −0.06 mmol/L; P = 0.002) and 6 h (WMD −0.14 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.23 to −0.05 mmol/L; P = 0.002). Linear regression showed that the effect of DAG was positively correlated with the daily dosage at 2 h (P = 0.095) and 6 h (P = 0.053) after lipid loading. In conclusion, compared with TAG oil, DAG reduced the postprandial serum TAG concentration at 2 h, 4 h and 6 h postprandial and was positively correlated with daily dosage.
Co-reporter:Duo Li;Yonghua Zhang;Andrew J. Sinclair
Lipids 2007 Volume 42( Issue 8) pp:739-747
Publication Date(Web):2007 August
DOI:10.1007/s11745-007-3078-9
The total lipid content, composition of main lipid classes, composition of sterols and composition of fatty acids in the main glycerolipids of Perna viridis were analyzed through four seasons using TLC-FID and GLC. Mussel samples were collected during different seasons between 2003 and 2004 from Shengsi Island, Zhejiang Province, China and stored frozen prior to freeze-drying and lipid extraction. Ten grams of dried mussel powder of each season were analyzed. Total lipid content ranged from 14.5 g/100 g in spring month to 7.8 g/100 g dried mussel powder in autumn month. The predominant lipid in spring month was triacylglycerol (TAG), however, in the other three seasons the phospholipids (PL) was the main lipid class. The most abundant fatty acid in TAG, PL and phosphatidylcholine (PC) was 16:0, with the summer samples having the highest proportion (24–30% of total fatty acid) and winter the lowest (14–22%). In phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), the spring samples had the highest proportions of 16:0. The predominant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3 in TAG, PL, PE and PC (25–40%). The proportions of 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3 were higher in spring than in other seasons in PL and PE. There were nine sterols identified, with cholesterol being the predominant sterol, and other main ones were desmostersol/brassicasterol and 24-methylenecholesterol. Proportions of other fatty acids in different lipid fractions and the sterol compositions as well also varied seasonally. There were subject to the seasonal variations. Differences in lipid content and composition, fatty acid composition in different lipid fractions may be caused by multiple factors such as lifecycle, sex, variation of plankton in different seasons and temperature, which could influence physiological activities and metabolism.
Co-reporter:D. Li, X.M. Yu, H.B. Xie, Y.H. Zhang, Q. Wang, X.Q. Zhou, P. Yu, L.J. Wang
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) (May 2007) Volume 76(Issue 5) pp:293-297
Publication Date(Web):1 May 2007
DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2007.02.003
Studies showed that increased dietary intake of n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has a cardiovascular beneficial effect. Increased plasma phospholipid (PL) docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n−3) is associated with decreased plasma homocysteine (Hcy). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between platelet PL fatty acid and plasma Hcy in middle-aged and geriatric hyperlipaemia patients (50 males, 31 females) and 65 healthy subjects (43 males, 22 females) in Hangzhou, China. Plasma Hcy demonstrated significant positive correlation with adrenic acid (22:4n−6) (r=0.188, P=0.018) and negative correlation with 22:6n−3 (r=–0.277, P=0.001) and the ratio of n−3/n−6 (r=–0.231, P=0.003) in sex-, age- and BMI-controlled partial correlation analysis. The present results suggest that increased ratio of n−3/n−6 PUFA in platelet PL is associated with decreased thrombotic risks such as plasma Hcy in middle-aged and geriatric hyperlipaemia patients in Hangzhou.
Co-reporter:Xiao-fei Guo, Bo Yang, Wenwen Cai, Duo Li
Trends in Food Science & Technology (March 2017) Volume 61() pp:1-10
Publication Date(Web):1 March 2017
DOI:10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.007
•A quantitative meta-analysis was performed to investigate the associations between sea buckthorn intake and blood lipid profiles.•Supplemental sea buckthorn significantly improved blood lipid profiles in subjects with hyperlipidaemia.•Cardio-protective effects may be attributed to sea buckthorn flavonoids and β-sitosterol.The effect of sea buckthorn on serum/plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), LDL and HDL-cholesterol was evaluated. We systematically searched and identified relevant literatures in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, PubMed, and Wan Fan databases updated to Nov 2016. The intervention effects were calculated as weighted mean differences for net changes in total cholesterol, TAG, LDL and HDL-cholesterol, respectively. Eleven independent RCTs were included. Supplementation with sea buckthorn berries/extracts significantly reduced total cholesterol (−0.63 mmol/L; 95% CI: −1.12, −0.14 mmol/L; I2 = 84.8%), TAG (−0.46 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.70, −0.22 mmol/L; I2 = 40.4%), LDL-cholesterol (−0.62 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.95, −0.29 mmol/L; I2 = 75.5%) and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol (0.27 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.33 mmol/L; I2 = 26.8%) in subjects with cardiovascular risks, but not in healthy subjects. Cardio-protective effects of sea buckthorn intake may be attributed to its content of phytochemicals, especially flavonoids and β-sitosterol.
Co-reporter:Tao HUANG, Ying CHEN, Tian-xing SHOU, Jing YANG, Duo LI
Agricultural Sciences in China (July 2011) Volume 10(Issue 7) pp:1117-1124
Publication Date(Web):July 2011
DOI:10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60101-6
Co-reporter:Sihamala Oranut, Bhulaidok Subhachai, Li-rong SHEN, Duo LI
Agricultural Sciences in China (July 2010) Volume 9(Issue 7) pp:1072-1077
Publication Date(Web):July 2010
DOI:10.1016/S1671-2927(09)60192-9
Co-reporter:Yinghua Yu, Zhenzhen Cai, Jusheng Zheng, Jiezhong Chen, Xu Zhang, Xu-Feng Huang, Duo Li
Nutrition Research (February 2012) Volume 32(Issue 2) pp:71-77
Publication Date(Web):1 February 2012
DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.12.004
The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that serum levels of phospholipid (PL) fatty acids (FA) and minerals are associated with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Chinese population and the profiles of changes may differ from patients with MetS from Western countries. The levels of serum PL, FA, and minerals were examined in 201 subjects (52 with MetS and 149 healthy controls without any MetS components) in China. The saturated FA proportion in serum was significantly higher, whereas the proportion of total polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), n-3 and n-6 PUFA (22:6n-3: −16%, P = .006; 20:4n-6: −36%, P < .001), and estimated δ-5 desaturase were significantly lower in the MetS group compared with those that are not MetS. Subjects with MetS had higher levels of serum Zn (P = .037) and Mg (P < .001) than subjects without MetS. The proportion of n-3 PUFA was significantly negatively correlated with body mass index and waist circumference. In conclusion, serum PL FA composition and serum minerals in Chinese men with MetS differed significantly from that of healthy individuals, reflecting a decrease in n-3 and n-6 PUFA, especially 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6, and an increase in saturated FA, magnesium, and zinc. These changes may reflect improper dietary intake in subjects with MetS, and dietary modification could be useful to prevent MetS and as an adjunctive therapy.
Co-reporter:Tao Huang, Ying Chen, Bin Yang, Jing Yang, Mark L. Wahlqvist, Duo Li
Clinical Nutrition (August 2012) Volume 31(Issue 4) pp:448-454
Publication Date(Web):1 August 2012
DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2011.01.003
Background & aimsResults from randomized controlled trials (RCT) of B vitamin supplementation on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the effects of B vitamin supplementation on plasma homocysteine (Hcy), cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in RCT.MethodsRCT publications on the effect of B vitamin supplementation on plasma Hcy, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality were searched from PubMed and web of science database. Data were independently abstracted by 2 investigators using a standardized protocol. The results were pooled with a fixed-effects model using Stata software.ResultsData from 19 studies including 47921participants were analyzed using a fixed-effects model. The overall relative risks with 95% confidence intervals of outcomes for patients treated with B vitamin supplementation compared with placebo were 0.98 (0.94–1.03) for CVD, 0.98 (0.92–1.05) for coronary heart disease (CHD), 0.97 (0.90–1.05) for myocardial infarction (MI), 0.88 (0.82–0.95) for stroke, and 0.97 (0.91–1.02) for cardiovascular death, 0.99 (0.95–1.04) for all-cause mortality. Blood Hcy levels were decreased in all included RCTs.ConclusionsB vitamin supplementation has a significant protective effect on stroke, but none on the risk of CVD, MI, CHD, cardiovascular death, or all-cause mortality.
Co-reporter:Tao Huang, Duo Li
Clinical Nutrition (April 2013) Volume 32(Issue 2) pp:315-316
Publication Date(Web):1 April 2013
DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.01.002
Co-reporter:Xiaojie Hu, Yanmei Li, Chunhua Li, Yuanqing Fu, Fang Cai, Qi Chen, Duo Li
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics (1 March 2012) Volume 519(Issue 1) pp:59-65
Publication Date(Web):1 March 2012
DOI:10.1016/j.abb.2012.01.011
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