Although photodetectors based on two dimensional (2D) materials have been intensively studied, there are few reports of optical fiber compatible devices. Herein we successfully fabricated an all-in fiber photodetector (FPD) based on an end-face bonded with few-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Our FPD has a considerably high photo-responsivity of ∼0.6 A W−1 at a bias voltage of 4 V and 0.01 A W−1 under the bias-free conditions. We believe that the proposed platform may provide a new strategy for the integration of 2D materials in fibers and realization of optoelectronic and sensing applications.

•An all fiber apparatus to manipulate micro-particles is proposed based on a variable ratio coupler.•The direction of transportation is controllable.•Manipulation of single particle, two particles and three particles is acquired.•Manipulation of three particles one by one is acquired.We propose an all fiber apparatus based on a variable ratio coupler which can transport microparticles controllably and trap particles one by one along a microfiber. By connecting two output ports of a variable ratio coupler with two end pigtails of a microfiber and launching a 980 nm laser into the variable ratio coupler, particles in suspension were trapped to the waist of microfiber due to a gradient force and then transported along the microfiber due to a total scattering force generated by two counter-propagating beams. The direction of transportation was controlled by altering the coupling ratio of the variable ratio coupler. When the intensities of two output ports were equivalent, trapped particles stayed at fixed positions. With time going, another particle around the micro fiber was trapped onto the microfiber. There were three particles trapped in total in our experiment. This technique combines with the function of conventional tweezers and optical conveyor.

An in-line, all-optical fiber modulator based on a stereo graphene–microfiber structure (GMF) utilizing the lab-on-rod technique was demonstrated in this study. Owing to its unique spring-like geometry, an ultra-long GMF interaction can be achieved, and a modulation depth of ~7.5 dB (~2.5 dB) and a modulation efficiency of ~0.2 dB mW−1 (~0.07 dB mW−1) were demonstrated for two polarization states. The modulation depth and modulation efficiency are more than one order of magnitude larger than those of other graphene–microfiber hybrid all-optical modulators, although at the cost of a higher insertion loss. By further optimizing the transferring and cleaning process, the upper limit of the modulation depth is mainly determined by the loss from the intrinsic absorption, which depends on the light–graphene interaction. Then, the modulator can quickly switch between the on-state and the off-state with a theoretically maximized modulation depth of tens of decibels. This modulator is compatible with the current fiber-optic communication systems and may be applied in the near future to meet the impending need for ultrafast optical signal processing.

By taking the coupling effect into consideration, we study the resonance condition of a photonic wire microring resonator (PWRR) sensor and compare our results with the previous work. Simulation results show that the resonant wavelength and sensitivity strongly depend on the coupling strength. The difference caused by the coupling effect can be up to tens of nanometers for the resonant peak position and tens of nm/RIU for the sensitivity in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) PWRR. Such a giant influence from coupling effect cannot be disregarded and should be considered seriously for the design and application of PWRRs. It also shows an alternative tuning technique by controlling the coupling strength.