Co-reporter:Chaohua Cui;Xia Guo;Bing Guo;Xiao Cheng;Maojie Zhang;Christoph J. Brabec;Yongfang Li
Advanced Materials 2015 Volume 27( Issue 45) pp:7469-7475
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/adma.201503815
Co-reporter:Jie Min;Yuriy N. Luponosov;Nicola Gasparini;Moses Richter;Artem V. Bakirov;Maxim A. Shcherbina;Sergei N. Chvalun;Linda Grodd;Souren Grigorian;Tayebeh Ameri;Sergei A. Ponomarenko;Christoph J. Brabec
Advanced Energy Materials 2015 Volume 5( Issue 17) pp:
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/aenm.201500386
Length of the terminal alkyl chains at dicyanovinyl (DCV) groups of two dithienosilole (DTS) containing small molecules (DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2 and DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Hex)2 ) is investigated to evaluate how this affects the molecular solubility and blend morphology as well as their performance in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs). While the DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2 (a solubility of 5 mg mL−1) system exhibits both high short circuit current density (J sc) and high fill factor, the DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Hex)2 (a solubility of 24 mg mL−1) system in contrast suffers from a poor blend morphology as examined by atomic force morphology and grazing incidence X-ray scattering measurements, which limit the photovoltaic properties. The charge generation, transport, and recombination dynamics associated with the limited device performance are investigated for both systems. Nongeminate recombination losses in DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Hex)2 system are demonstrated to be significant by combining space charge limited current analysis and light intensity dependence of current–voltage characteristics in combination with photogenerated charge carrier extraction by linearly increasing voltage and transient photovoltage measurements. DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2 in contrast performs nearly ideal with no evidence of nongeminate recombination, space charge effects, or mobility limitation. These results demonstrate the importance of alkyl chain engineering for solution-processed OSCs based on small molecules as an essential design tool to overcome transport limitations.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Nicola Gasparini, Lingwei Xue, Fedor V. Drozdov, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Kirill L. Gerasimov, Denis V. Anokhin, Zhi-Guo Zhang, Tayebeh Ameri, Sergei N. Chvalun, Dimitri A. Ivanov, Yongfang Li, Sergei A. Ponomarenko and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 vol. 3(Issue 45) pp:22695-22707
Publication Date(Web):23 Sep 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5TA06706E
The synthesis of a series of A–π–D–π–A oligomers bearing coplanar electron-donating dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]silole (DTS) unit linked through bithiophene π-bridges with the electron-withdrawing alkyldicyanovinyl (alkyl-DCV) groups is described. This study demonstrates a systematic investigation of structure–property relationships in this type of oligomer and shows obvious benefits of alkyl-DCV groups as compared to the commonly used DCV ones, in terms of elaboration of high performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Considerable efforts have been made to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of oligomer-based OSCs by diverse strategies including fine-tuning of the oligomer properties via variation of their terminal and central alkyl chains, blend morphology control via solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment, and surface modification via interfacial engineering. These efforts allowed achieving PCEs of up to 6.4% for DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2 blended with PC70BM. Further morphological investigations demonstrated that the usage of SVA treatment indeed effectively results in increased absorption and ordering of the BHJ composite, with the only exception for the most soluble oligomer DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Hex)2. Besides, a detailed study analyzed the charge transport properties and recombination loss mechanisms for these oligomers. This study not only revealed the importance of integrated alkyl chain engineering on gaining morphological control for high performance OSCs, but also exhibited a clear correlation between molecular ordering and charge carrier mobility respective to carrier dynamics. These results outline a detailed strategy towards a rather complete characterization and optimization methodology for organic photovoltaic devices, thereby paving the way for researchers to easily find the performance parameters adapted for widespread applications.
Co-reporter:Yuriy N. Luponosov, Jie Min, Artem V. Bakirov, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Sergei N. Chvalun, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Tayebeh Ameri, Christoph J. Brabec, Sergei A. Ponomarenko
Dyes and Pigments 2015 Volume 122() pp:213-223
Publication Date(Web):November 2015
DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.06.026
•Novel D–A oligomers with alkyldicyanovinyl acceptor groups for OSCs were reported.•The structure–property relationships in these oligomers were systematically studied.•Bridgehead atoms influence optical, thermal and structural properties of the oligomers.•Length of π-bridge influences optical and electrochemical properties of the oligomers.Synthesis of novel acceptor–donor–acceptor oligomers with electron-withdrawing alkyldicyanovinyl groups linked through an oligothiophene π-bridge with either dithienosilole or cyclopentadithiophene electron donor units is described. Changing the bridgehead atom from carbon to silicon in the central donor unit leads to a significant change in optical, thermal and structural properties of the oligomers. In addition, elongation of the oligothiophene π-bridge in the oligomers increases energies of HOMO and LUMO levels and leads to an unexpected hypsochromic shift of their absorption spectrum, because extension of the conjugation length cannot compensate a decrease of the intramolecular charge transfer between the dithienosilole and dicyanovinyl units. Although these minor changes in the chemical structures have a pronounced impact on the morphologies of their blends with PC70BM, the optimized solution-processed organic solar cells based on these small molecules demonstrate similar power conversion efficiencies.
Co-reporter:Jie Min;Yuriy N. Luponosov;Andreas Gerl;Marina S. Polinskaya;Svetlana M. Peregudova;Petr V. Dmitryakov;Artem V. Bakirov;Maxim A. Shcherbina;Sergei N. Chvalun;Souren Grigorian;Nina Kaush-Busies;Sergei A. Ponomarenko;Tayebeh Ameri;Christoph J. Brabec
Advanced Energy Materials 2014 Volume 4( Issue 5) pp:
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/aenm.201301234
The impact of alkyl side-chain substituents on conjugated polymers on the photovoltaic properties of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells has been studied extensively, but their impact on small molecules has not received adequate attention. To reveal the effect of side chains, a series of star-shaped molecules based on a triphenylamine (TPA) core, bithiophene, and dicyanovinyl units derivatized with various alkyl end-capping groups of methyl, ethyl, hexyl and dodecyl is synthesiyed and studied to comprehensively investigate structure-properties relationships. UV-vis absorption and cyclic voltammetry data show that variations of alkyl chain length have little influence on the absorption and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels. However, these seemingly negligible changes have a pronounced impact on the morphology of BHJ thin films as well as their charge carrier separation and transportation, which in turn influences the photovoltaic properties of these small-molecule-based BHJ devices. Solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) based on the small molecule with the shortest methyl end groups exhibit high short circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF), with an efficiency as high as 4.76% without any post-treatments; these are among the highest reported for solution-processed OSCs based on star-shaped molecules.
Co-reporter:Jie Min;Yuriy N. Luponosov;Zhi-Guo Zhang;Sergei A. Ponomarenko;Tayebeh Ameri;Yongfang Li;Christoph J. Brabec
Advanced Energy Materials 2014 Volume 4( Issue 16) pp:
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/aenm.201400816
A systematic study on the effect of various cathode buffer layers on the performance and stability of solution-processed small-molecule organic solar cells (SMOSCs) based on tris{4-[5-(1,1-dicyanobut-1-en-2-yl)-2,2-bithiophen-5-yl]phenyl}amine (N(Ph-2T-DCN-Et)3):6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (N(Ph-2T-DCN-Et)3:PC70BM) is presented. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) in these systems can be significantly improved from approximately 4% to 5.16% by inserting a metal oxide (ZnO) layer between the active layer and the Al cathode instead of an air-sensitive Ba or Ca layer. However, the low work-function Al cathode is susceptible to chemical oxidation in the atmosphere. Here, an amine group functionalized fullerene complex (DMAPA-C60) is inserted as a cathode buffer layer to successfully modify the interface towards ZnO/Ag and active layer/Ag functionality. For devices with ZnO/DMAPA-C60/Ag and DMAPA-C60/Ag cathodes the PCEs are improved from 2.75% to 4.31% and to 5.40%, respectively, compared to a ZnO/Ag device. Recombination mechanisms and stability aspects of devices with various cathodes are also investigated. The significant improvement in device performance and stability and the simplicity of fabrication by solution processing suggest this DMAPA-C60-based interface as a promising and practical pathway for developing efficient, stable, and roll-to-roll processable SMOSCs.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Alexander N. Solodukhin, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 vol. 2(Issue 39) pp:8432-8432
Publication Date(Web):05 Sep 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4TC90117G
Correction for ‘A star-shaped D–π–A small molecule based on a tris(2-methoxyphenyl)amine core for highly efficient solution-processed organic solar cells’ by Jie Min et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2014, 2, 7614-7620.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Alexander N. Solodukhin, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 vol. 2(Issue 36) pp:7614-7620
Publication Date(Web):14 Jul 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4TC01277A
A new star-shaped D–π–A small molecule, 2,2′,2′′-{nitrilotris[(3-methoxy-4,1-phenylene)-2,2′-bithiene-5′,5-diyleth-1-yl-1-ylidene]}trimalononitrile N(Ph(OMe)-2T-DCN-Me)3, with high efficiency potential for photovoltaic applications was synthesized. Introducing a soluble tris(2-methoxyphenyl)amine (TPA-MeO) core unit can significantly improve the solubility of star-shaped small molecules without negatively impacting intramolecular conjugation and intermolecular solid state arrangements. Solution-processed organic solar cells based on a blend of N(Ph(OMe)-2T-DCN-Me)3 and PC70BM show an initially high power conversion efficiency of over 4% under simulated AM 1.5.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Derya Baran, Sergei N. Chvalun, Maxim A. Shcherbina, Artem V. Bakirov, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 vol. 2(Issue 38) pp:16135-16147
Publication Date(Web):20 Jun 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4TA01933D
The preparation of four different star-shaped donor (D)–π–acceptor (A) small molecules (N(Ph-1T-DCN-Me)3, N(Ph-2T-DCN-Me)3, N(Ph-2T-DCN-Hex)3 and N(Ph-3T-DCN-Hex)3) possessing various oligothiophene π-bridge lengths and their use in solution-processed bulk heterojunction small molecule solar cells is reported. Optical and electrochemical data show that increasing oligothiophene π-bridge length leads to a decrease of the optical band gap due to a parallel increase of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level. Furthermore, subtle modifications of a molecular π-bridge length strongly affect the thermal behavior, solubility, crystallization, film morphology and charge carrier mobility, which in turn significantly change the device performance. Although the moderately increasing oligothiophene π-bridge length uplifts the HOMO level, it nevertheless induces an increase of the efficiency of the resulting solar cells due to a simultaneous improvement of the short circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF). The study demonstrates that such an approach can represent an interesting tool for the effective modulation of the photovoltaic properties of the organic solar cells (OSCs) at a moderate cost.
Co-reporter:Yuriy N. Luponosov, Jie Min, Tayebeh Ameri, Christoph J. Brabec, Sergei A. Ponomarenko
Organic Electronics 2014 Volume 15(Issue 12) pp:3800-3804
Publication Date(Web):December 2014
DOI:10.1016/j.orgel.2014.09.006
•A new design of the linear dicyanovinyl-based small molecules for OSCs is presented.•A new dithienosilole-based oligothiophene with methyldicyanovinyl groups was prepared.•This oligomer shows high crystallinity and high thermal/thermal-oxidative stability.•This oligomer exhibits a strong absorption in thin film extending from 300 to 900 nm.•A BHJ OSC based on DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2:PC71BM shows an initially high PCE of 5.44%.A new linear dithienosilole-based oligothiophene end-capped with methyl and electron-withdrawing dicyanovinyl groups, DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2, was prepared in good yield. This oligomer exhibited broad absorption spectra in bulk down to the near-IR region with the optical edge at 900 nm, resulting in an initially high power conversion efficiency of 5.44% in solution-processed organic solar cells using PC71BM as an acceptor.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Hong Zhang, Tobias Stubhan, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Mario Kraft, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri, Ullrich Scherf and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 vol. 1(Issue 37) pp:11306-11311
Publication Date(Web):22 Jul 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3TA12162C
We successfully demonstrate a smart strategy to use aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) and the thiophene-based conjugated polyelectrolyte P3TMAHT as an interfacial layer in small molecule solution-processed inverted solar cells. Modification of AZO with a thin P3TMAHT layer increases the photovoltaic properties of the inverted cell as a result of reduction in the work function of the cathode with well aligned frontier orbital energy levels for efficient charge transport and reduced surface recombination. The inverted device achieved ∼16% performance improvement dominantly by recapturing part of the Voc losses when going from conventional to the inverted architecture. In addition, the inverted device using the AZO/P3TMAHT interlayer shows improved device stability in air compared to conventional devices.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Tayebeh Ameri, Roland Gresser, Melanie Lorenz-Rothe, Derya Baran, Anna Troeger, Vito Sgobba, Karl Leo, Moritz Riede, Dirk M. Guldi, and Christoph J. Brabec
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2013 Volume 5(Issue 12) pp:5609
Publication Date(Web):May 31, 2013
DOI:10.1021/am400923b
Ternary composite inverted organic solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blended with two different near-infrared absorbing benzannulated aza-BODIPY dyes, difluoro-bora-bis-(1-phenyl-indoyl)-azamethine (1) or difluoro-bora-bis-(1-(5-methylthiophen)-indoyl)-azamethine (2), were constructed and characterized. The amount of these two aza-BODIPY dyes, within the P3HT and PCBM matrix, was systematically varied, and the characteristics of the respective devices were recorded. Although the addition of both aza-BODIPY dyes enhanced the absorption of the blends, only the addition of 1 improved the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the near-infrared (IR) region. The present work paves the way for the integration of near-infrared absorbing aza-BODIPY derivatives as sensitizers in ternary composite solar cells.Keywords: aza-BODIPY dye; inverted organic solar cells; near-IR absorbing; power conversion efficiency; sensitizer; ternary composite solar cells;
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Tayebeh Ameri, Andreas Elschner, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Derya Baran, Thomas Heumüller, Ning Li, Florian Machui, Sergei Ponomarenko, Christoph J. Brabec
Organic Electronics 2013 Volume 14(Issue 1) pp:219-229
Publication Date(Web):January 2013
DOI:10.1016/j.orgel.2012.11.002
A new star-shaped D–π–A molecule, tris{4-[5′′-(1,1-dicyanobut-1-en-2-yl)-2,2′-bithiophen-5-yl]phenyl}amineN(Ph-2T-DCN-Et)3, with high efficiency potential for photovoltaic applications was synthesized. As compared to its analogue S(TPA-bT-DCN), it showed stronger absorption in the region of 350–450 nm and a lower lying highest occupied molecular energy level (HOMO). Solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) based on a blend of N(Ph-2T-DCN-Et)3 and PC70BM resulted in a high PCE of 3.1% without any post-treatment. The PCE of N(Ph-2T-DCN-Et)3 based solar cells was further improved to 3.6% under simulated AM 1.5 by addition of a new additive 4-bromoanisole (BrAni).Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► A new star-shaped D–π–A molecule shows good stability and strong absorption in the region of 350–450 nm. ► PCE of the OSCs based on the molecule as donor and PC70BM as acceptor reached 3.1%. ► The optimized OSCs based on the molecule:PC70BM (1:2 wt.%) with 2 vol.% of BrAni, exhibits a high PCE of 3.6%.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Nicola Gasparini, Lingwei Xue, Fedor V. Drozdov, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Kirill L. Gerasimov, Denis V. Anokhin, Zhi-Guo Zhang, Tayebeh Ameri, Sergei N. Chvalun, Dimitri A. Ivanov, Yongfang Li, Sergei A. Ponomarenko and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 - vol. 3(Issue 45) pp:NaN22707-22707
Publication Date(Web):2015/09/23
DOI:10.1039/C5TA06706E
The synthesis of a series of A–π–D–π–A oligomers bearing coplanar electron-donating dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]silole (DTS) unit linked through bithiophene π-bridges with the electron-withdrawing alkyldicyanovinyl (alkyl-DCV) groups is described. This study demonstrates a systematic investigation of structure–property relationships in this type of oligomer and shows obvious benefits of alkyl-DCV groups as compared to the commonly used DCV ones, in terms of elaboration of high performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Considerable efforts have been made to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of oligomer-based OSCs by diverse strategies including fine-tuning of the oligomer properties via variation of their terminal and central alkyl chains, blend morphology control via solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment, and surface modification via interfacial engineering. These efforts allowed achieving PCEs of up to 6.4% for DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Me)2 blended with PC70BM. Further morphological investigations demonstrated that the usage of SVA treatment indeed effectively results in increased absorption and ordering of the BHJ composite, with the only exception for the most soluble oligomer DTS(Oct)2-(2T-DCV-Hex)2. Besides, a detailed study analyzed the charge transport properties and recombination loss mechanisms for these oligomers. This study not only revealed the importance of integrated alkyl chain engineering on gaining morphological control for high performance OSCs, but also exhibited a clear correlation between molecular ordering and charge carrier mobility respective to carrier dynamics. These results outline a detailed strategy towards a rather complete characterization and optimization methodology for organic photovoltaic devices, thereby paving the way for researchers to easily find the performance parameters adapted for widespread applications.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Hong Zhang, Tobias Stubhan, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Mario Kraft, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri, Ullrich Scherf and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 - vol. 1(Issue 37) pp:NaN11311-11311
Publication Date(Web):2013/07/22
DOI:10.1039/C3TA12162C
We successfully demonstrate a smart strategy to use aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) and the thiophene-based conjugated polyelectrolyte P3TMAHT as an interfacial layer in small molecule solution-processed inverted solar cells. Modification of AZO with a thin P3TMAHT layer increases the photovoltaic properties of the inverted cell as a result of reduction in the work function of the cathode with well aligned frontier orbital energy levels for efficient charge transport and reduced surface recombination. The inverted device achieved ∼16% performance improvement dominantly by recapturing part of the Voc losses when going from conventional to the inverted architecture. In addition, the inverted device using the AZO/P3TMAHT interlayer shows improved device stability in air compared to conventional devices.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Alexander N. Solodukhin, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 - vol. 2(Issue 39) pp:NaN8432-8432
Publication Date(Web):2014/09/05
DOI:10.1039/C4TC90117G
Correction for ‘A star-shaped D–π–A small molecule based on a tris(2-methoxyphenyl)amine core for highly efficient solution-processed organic solar cells’ by Jie Min et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2014, 2, 7614-7620.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Alexander N. Solodukhin, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 - vol. 2(Issue 36) pp:NaN7620-7620
Publication Date(Web):2014/07/14
DOI:10.1039/C4TC01277A
A new star-shaped D–π–A small molecule, 2,2′,2′′-{nitrilotris[(3-methoxy-4,1-phenylene)-2,2′-bithiene-5′,5-diyleth-1-yl-1-ylidene]}trimalononitrile N(Ph(OMe)-2T-DCN-Me)3, with high efficiency potential for photovoltaic applications was synthesized. Introducing a soluble tris(2-methoxyphenyl)amine (TPA-MeO) core unit can significantly improve the solubility of star-shaped small molecules without negatively impacting intramolecular conjugation and intermolecular solid state arrangements. Solution-processed organic solar cells based on a blend of N(Ph(OMe)-2T-DCN-Me)3 and PC70BM show an initially high power conversion efficiency of over 4% under simulated AM 1.5.
Co-reporter:Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Derya Baran, Sergei N. Chvalun, Maxim A. Shcherbina, Artem V. Bakirov, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Svetlana M. Peregudova, Nina Kausch-Busies, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Tayebeh Ameri and Christoph J. Brabec
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 - vol. 2(Issue 38) pp:NaN16147-16147
Publication Date(Web):2014/06/20
DOI:10.1039/C4TA01933D
The preparation of four different star-shaped donor (D)–π–acceptor (A) small molecules (N(Ph-1T-DCN-Me)3, N(Ph-2T-DCN-Me)3, N(Ph-2T-DCN-Hex)3 and N(Ph-3T-DCN-Hex)3) possessing various oligothiophene π-bridge lengths and their use in solution-processed bulk heterojunction small molecule solar cells is reported. Optical and electrochemical data show that increasing oligothiophene π-bridge length leads to a decrease of the optical band gap due to a parallel increase of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level. Furthermore, subtle modifications of a molecular π-bridge length strongly affect the thermal behavior, solubility, crystallization, film morphology and charge carrier mobility, which in turn significantly change the device performance. Although the moderately increasing oligothiophene π-bridge length uplifts the HOMO level, it nevertheless induces an increase of the efficiency of the resulting solar cells due to a simultaneous improvement of the short circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF). The study demonstrates that such an approach can represent an interesting tool for the effective modulation of the photovoltaic properties of the organic solar cells (OSCs) at a moderate cost.
![Silicon,dichloro[37H,39H-tetranaphtho[2,3-b:2',3'-g:2'',3''-l:2''',3'''-q]porphyrazinato(2-)-kN37,kN38,kN39,kN40]-, (OC-6-12)-](/data/chemimg/1009700/92396-91-3.png)
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