•BSA imprinted PP fiber-grafted PAM hydrogel membrane (PP-g-PAM MIP) was prepared.•PP fiber grafted PAM hydrogel was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, DSC, TG and DTG.•Influence factors on the adsorption capacity of PP-g-PAM MIP and NIP were investigated.•The regeneration property of PP-g-PAM MIP was improved.•The PP-g-PAM MIP could extract required proteins from cells or particulate samples.Bovine serum albumin (BSA) imprinted polypropylene (PP) fiber-grafted polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel membrane (PP-g-PAM MIP) was prepared using non-woven PP fiber as matrix, BSA as template molecule, and acrylamide (AM) as functional monomer via UV radiation-reduced polymerization in an aqueous phase. SEM, FT-IR, DSC and TG were used to characterize the PP grafted PAM hydrogel. Influence factors on the adsorption capacity of PP-g-PAM MIP were investigated, such as monomer concentration, cross-linker concentration, template molecule amount and pH values in BSA solution. The adsorption and recognition properties of PP-g-PAM MIP were evaluated and the results showed that the PP-g-PAM MIP exhibited an obvious improvement in terms of adsorption capacity for BSA as compared with non-imprinted ones. PP-g-PAM MIPs could recognize the template protein using Lys, Ova, BHb, and Glo as control proteins, and the selectivity factor (β) was above 2.0. The imprinting efficiency of PP-g-PAM MIP tended to be stable after three cycles and maintained 76% of the initial value of the imprinting efficiency even after five repetitions, which was more excellent than that of PAM microsphere. The PP-g-PAM MIP is low cost and easy to be prepared, which would show its potential applications in the fields of extracting and testing required proteins from cells or particulate samples.The figure shows that the imprinting efficiency of PP-g-PAM MIPs gradually decreased with the cycle times (from 3.30 to 2.56) and reached a stable value after three cycle times. The imprinting efficiency of PP-g-PAM MIPs was maintained at 76% of the initial value even after five cycles. However, the imprinting efficiency of BSA-imprinted PAM microspheres continually declined with increasing cycle times. After five cycle times, the imprinting effect almost disappeared. This result is probably due to the soft texture of gel microspheres, which cannot stabilize the shape of the binding sites. By contrast, the strength of PP-g-PAM MIPs was significantly improved and the shape of the binding sites was almost stabilized.