Co-reporter:Chuang Yue;Liwei Lin
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017 Volume 12( Issue 4) pp:459-476
Publication Date(Web):13 September 2017
DOI:10.1007/s11465-017-0462-x
High-performance, Si-based three-dimensional (3D) microbattery systems for powering micro/nanoelectromechanical systems and lab-on-chip smart electronic devices have attracted increasing research attention. These systems are characterized by compatible fabrication and integratibility resulting from the silicon-based technologies used in their production. The use of support substrates, electrodes or current collectors, electrolytes, and even batteries used in 3D layouts has become increasingly important in fabricating microbatteries with high energy, high power density, and wide-ranging applications. In this review, Si-based 3D microbatteries and related fabrication technologies, especially the production of micro-lithium ion batteries, are reviewed and discussed in detail in order to provide guidance for the design and fabrication.
Co-reporter:Yingjian Yu;Chuang Yue;Yingzi Han;Chuanhui Zhang;Mingsen Zheng;Binbin Xu;Shuichao Lin;Junyong Kang
RSC Advances (2011-Present) 2017 vol. 7(Issue 85) pp:53680-53685
Publication Date(Web):2017/11/21
DOI:10.1039/C7RA10905A
Metal–organic segments (MOSs) have been controllably synthesized to composite with Si nanorod (NR) arrays as electrodes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). These kinds of MOSs are suggested to be derived from solution species such as [Zn(C4H6N2)Ac]+, [Zn(C4H6N2)2Ac]+ and [Zn(C3H4N2)(C4H6N2)Ac]+ as detected by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS). It is found that solution concentration and growth time have significant effects on the MOS coating around Si NRs. The uniform coating of MOSs around Si NRs has been successfully produced at relatively low solution concentrations or for shorter growth time, which was proved to be helpful to enhance the capacity of the composite electrode up to ∼1.1 mA h cm−2 at a current density of 10 μA cm−2 and ∼0.5 mA h cm−2 on increasing the current density to 50 μA cm−2. Furthermore, at an even higher current density of 200 μA cm−2 (vs. initial 10 μA cm−2) the composite electrodes still can maintain more than 50% of the initial capacities. While, given a higher solution concentration or longer reaction time, large ZIF-61 crystals, a kind of metal–organic framework (MOF), would form on the top of Si NRs. Unlike MOSs, large ZIF-61 crystals fail to cover the Si NR homogeneously, and consequently the capacities of ZIF-61/Si NR composite electrodes are much lower than those of MOS/Si NR electrodes. This work not only demonstrates a simple method for Si surface modification to enhance its corresponding electrochemical performance, but also provides a potential general strategy for the coating of different surfaces by the cross-linking of metal nodes and organic ligands.
Co-reporter:Jing Cao, Xiaojing Jing, Juanzhu Yan, Chengyi Hu, Ruihao Chen, Jun Yin, Jing Li, and Nanfeng Zheng
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2016 Volume 138(Issue 31) pp:9919-9926
Publication Date(Web):July 18, 2016
DOI:10.1021/jacs.6b04924
During the past two years, the introduction of DMSO has revolutionized the fabrication of high-quality pervoskite MAPbI3 (MA = CH3NH3) films for solar cell applications. In the developed DMSO process, the formation of (MA)2Pb3I8·2DMSO (shorted as Pb3I8) has well recognized as a critical factor to prepare high-quality pervoskite films and thus accomplish excellent performances in perovskite solar cells. However, Pb3I8 is an I-deficient intermediate and must further react with methylammonium iodide (MAI) to be fully converted into MAPbI3. By capturing and solving the molecular structures of several intermediates involved in the fabrication of perovskite films, we report in this work that the importance of DMSO is NOT due to the formation of Pb3I8. The use of different PbI2-DMSO ratios leads to two different structures of PbI2-DMSO precursors (PbI2·DMSO and PbI2·2DMSO), thus dramatically influencing the quality of fabricated perovskite films. However, such an influence can be minimized when the PbI2-DMSO precursor films are thermally treated to create mesoporous PbI2 films before reacting with MAI. Such a development makes the fabrication of high-quality pervoskite films highly reproducible without the need to precisely control the PbI2:DMSO ratio. Moreover, the formation of ionic compound (MA)4PbI6 is observed when excess MAI is used in the preparation of perovskite film. This I-rich phase heavily induces the hysteresis in PSCs, but is readily removed by isopropanol treatment. On the basis of all these findings, we develop a new effective protocol to fabricate high-performance PSCs. In the new protocol, high-quality perovskite films are prepared by simply treating the mesoporous PbI2 films (made from PbI2-DMSO precursors) with an isopropanol solution of MAI, followed by isopropanol washing. The best efficiency of fabricated MAPbI3 PSCs is up to 19.0%. As compared to the previously reported DMSO method, the devices fabricated by the method reported in this work display narrow efficiency distributions in both forward and reverse scans. And the efficiency difference between forward and reverse scans is much smaller.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Hui Qu, Jing Cao, Huiling Tai, Jing Li and Nanfeng Zheng
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2016 vol. 4(Issue 34) pp:13203-13210
Publication Date(Web):25 Jul 2016
DOI:10.1039/C6TA04465D
Vapor-assisted deposition of organometal trihalide perovskite films shows particular advantages in high-quality film preparation and mass-production because of the precisely controlled vapor–solid reaction. However, a high-vacuum environment is required for the deposition process, which is not suitable for the production of low-cost next-generation solar cells. Here, a modified vapor-assisted deposition method for high-quality perovskite films fully under the ambient atmosphere has been developed that exhibits superior ambient tolerance, even at high relative humidity of over 60%. The crystallization behaviors of the perovskite films were investigated in detail, and were highly dependent on the vapor diffusion and reaction at the interface and film recrystallization induced by the proposed in situ annealing process. The uniform, high-quality perovskite films produced efficient perovskite photovoltaics with power conversion efficiency of over 18% (highest value of 18.90%).
Co-reporter:Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, Zhenguo Wu, Shibo Sun, Xu He, Juntao Li, Libo Zhao, Suntao Wu, Jing Li, Junyong Kang, and Liwei Lin
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2016 Volume 8(Issue 12) pp:7806
Publication Date(Web):March 8, 2016
DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b12883
Three-dimensional (3D) Si/Ge-based micro/nano batteries are promising lab-on-chip power supply sources because of the good process compatibility with integrated circuits and Micro/Nano-Electro-Mechanical System technologies. In this work, the effective interlayer of TiN/Ti thin films were introduced to coat around the 3D Si nanorod (NR) arrays before the amorphous Ge layer deposition as anode in micro/nano lithium ion batteries, thus the superior cycling stability was realized by reason for the restriction of Si activation in this unique 3D matchlike Si/TiN/Ti/Ge NR array electrode. Moreover, the volume expansion properties after the repeated lithium-ion insertion/extraction were experimentally investigated to evidence the superior stability of this unique multilayered Si composite electrode. The demonstration of this wafer-scale, cost-effective, and Si-compatible fabrication for anodes in Li-ion micro/nano batteries provides new routes to configurate more efficient 3D energy storage systems for micro/nano smart semiconductor devices.Keywords: 3D STTG anodes; activation; Li-ion micro battery; stable cycling; TiN/Ti interlayer
Co-reporter:Yingjian Yu, Chuang Yue, Xionggui Lin, Shibo Sun, Jinping Gu, Xu He, Chuanhui Zhang, Wei Lin, Donghai Lin, Xinli Liao, Binbin Xu, Suntao Wu, Mingsen Zheng, Jing Li, Junyong Kang, and Liwei Lin
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2016 Volume 8(Issue 6) pp:3992
Publication Date(Web):January 25, 2016
DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b11287
Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles embedded in TiN/Ti/Si nanorod (NR) arrays without pyrolysis have shown increased energy storage capacity as anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). A high capacity of 1650 μAh cm–2 has been achieved in this ZIF-8 composited multilayered electrode, which is ∼100 times higher than the plain electrodes made of only silicon NR. According to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterizations, the improved diffusion of lithium ions in ZIF-8 and boosted electron/Li+ transfer by the ZIF-8/TiN/Ti multilayer coating are proposed to be responsible for the enhanced energy storage ability. The first-principles calculations further indicate the favorable accessibility of lithium with appropriate size to diffuse in the open pores of ZIF-8. This work broadens the application of ZIF-8 to silicon-based LIBs electrodes without the pyrolysis and provides design guidelines for other metal–organic frameworks/Si composite electrodes.Keywords: lithium-ion battery; metal−organic frameworks; silicon nanorod arrays; TiN/Ti layer; ZIF-8
Co-reporter:Chuang Yue;Yingjian Yu;Shibo Sun;Xu He;Binbin Chen;Wei Lin;Binbin Xu;Mingsen Zheng;Suntao Wu;Junyong Kang;Liwei Lin
Advanced Functional Materials 2015 Volume 25( Issue 9) pp:1386-1392
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201403648
3D micro/nanobatteries in high energy and power densities are drawing more and more interest due to the urgent demand of them in integrating with numerous micro/nanoscale electronic devices, such as smart dust, miniaturized sensors, actuators, BioMEMS chips, and so on. In this study, the electrochemical performances of 3D hexagonal match-like Si/Ge nanorod (NR) arrays buffered by TiN/Ti interlayer, which are fabricated on Si substrates by a cost-effective, wafer scale, and Si-compatible process are demonstrated and systematically investigated as the anode in sodium-ion batteries. The optimized Si/TiN/Ti/Ge composite NR array anode displays superior areal/specific capacities and cycling stability by reason of their favorable 3D nanostructures and the effective conductive layers of TiN/Ti thin films. Sodium-ion insertion behaviors are experimentally investigated in postmorphologies and elemental information of the cycled composite anode, and theoretically studied by the first principles calculation upon the adsorption and diffusion energies of sodium in Ge unit cell. The preferential diffusion of sodium in Ge structure over in Si lattice is evidently proved. The successful configuration of these distinctive wafer-scale Si-based Na-ion micro/nanobattery anodes can provide insight into exploring and designing new Si/Ge-based electrode materials, which can be integrated into micro-electronic devices as on chip power systems in the future.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Jing Cao, Xu He, Shangfu Yuan, Shibo Sun, Jing Li, Nanfeng Zheng and Liwei Lin
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 vol. 3(Issue 32) pp:16860-16866
Publication Date(Web):08 Jul 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5TA02843D
Recently, organometal trihalide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone intense development and show huge potential as the next generation of high efficiency photovoltaic (PV) cells. However, the stability of these devices still needs to be improved to enable commercialization, especially the photovoltaic stability under ambient conditions. In this work, the demonstrated greatly improved stability of CH3NH3PbI3 based PSCs in ambient air has been achieved by controlling the mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) layer in the devices. With the optimized thickness of the m-TiO2 layer, rather stable devices which maintain over 85% of the initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) even after ∼2400 hours (100 days) storage in air were accomplished. It is evidenced that the suppressed decomposition of perovskite and the well-kept charge transportation are majorly responsible for the improved air-stability of the device.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Chuang Yue, Xu He, Hongtao Yang, De-Yin Wu, Min Wu, Junyong Kang, Zhihao Wu and Jing Li
Nanoscale 2015 vol. 7(Issue 32) pp:13495-13502
Publication Date(Web):07 Jul 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5NR03193A
Recently, the plasmonic coupled optical cavity has gained much attention due to its attractive properties in light manipulation, e.g. high Q optical resonance, local field enhancements and extraordinary transmission. The strongly enhanced local field originated from the plasmonic resonance hybridizing with the optical cavity mode presents great potential for application to chemical and biological sensing. Here, the multiple coupling effect between plasmonic mode and optical cavity mode has been demonstrated in self-assembled metal/dielectric hollow-nanosphere (HNS) arrays and the strongly enhanced local field originated from the inter-coupling of the plasmonic cavities was further employed for highly sensitive recyclable SERS sensing.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Binbin Xu, Shuping Li, Junyong Kang, Yanyan Fang, Zhihao Wu and Jing Li
Nanoscale 2014 vol. 6(Issue 8) pp:3934-3940
Publication Date(Web):30 Sep 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3NR04106A
Recently, multipole plasmonic mode resonances in metal hollow structures, such as dipole, quadrupole, and octupole modes, have been widely investigated by researchers with the aim for potential applications in bio-sensing, fluorescence, nanolasers or nonlinear nano-photonics. Here, in this work, the multipole plasmon resonances in self-assembled metal hollow-nanospheres (HNSs) are theoretically and experimentally demonstrated and the hot spots originating from the higher order mode plasmonic resonance and interparticle coupling effect are proposed to be used for Raman scattering enhancements. Dipole, quadrupole, octupole and hexadecapole mode plasmonic resonances were clearly resolved in the extinction spectra of these Ag HNS arrays showing good agreement with the theoretical simulation results. Strong regular hot spots were obtained around the surface and in the gaps of the Ag HNSs through the higher order mode plasmonic resonances and corresponding interparticle coupling effect between the HNSs. Maximum local field intensity was accomplished by optimizing the size of as well as the coupling distance between the HNSs and then it was applied to SERS sensing. Raman mapping also demonstrated these self-assembled plasmonic cavity arrays to be a stable and uniform SERS-active substrate.
Co-reporter:Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, ZhenGuo Wu, Xu He, JianYuan Wang, JunTao Li, Cheng Li, Suntao Wu, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Nanoscale 2014 vol. 6(Issue 3) pp:1817-1822
Publication Date(Web):13 Nov 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3NR05181A
The rapid development of numerous microscale electronic devices, such as smart dust, micro or nano bio-sensors, medical implants and so on, has induced an urgent demand for integratable micro or nano battery supplies with high energy and power densities. In this work, 3D hexagonal bottle-like Si/Ge composite nanorod (NR) array electrodes with good uniformity and mechanical stability potentially used in micro or nano rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) were fabricated on Si substrates by a cost-effective, wafer scale and Si-compatible process. The optimized Ge nano-islands coated Si NR composite arrays as anode materials exhibit superior areal capacities and cycling performances by virtue of their favourable structural and improved conductivity features. The unique Si-based composite electrode in nanostructures can be technically and fundamentally employed to configurate all-solid-state Li-ion micro-batteries as on-chip power systems integrated into micro-electronic devices such as M/NEMS devices or autonomous wireless microsystems.
Co-reporter:Yashu Zang, Jun Yin, Xu He, Chuang Yue, Zhiming Wu, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 vol. 2(Issue 21) pp:7747-7753
Publication Date(Web):26 Mar 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4TA00824C
Two different asymmetric Ag/ZnO composite nanoarrays were fabricated. These nanoarrays are proposed as highly sensitive and uniform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with plasmonic-enhanced UV-visible photocatalytic properties for self-cleaning. The asymmetric nanostructures are composed of Ag nanoparticles hanging inside or capping on the top of ZnO hollow nanospheres, which allows the generation of a strong local electric field near the contact area owing to the asymmetric dielectric environment. Experimental and simulation results showed that these asymmetric structures are favorable for achieving high photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light irradiation, in addition to improving the SERS performance. The electron transfer model based on band gap alignment was employed to further illustrate the mechanisms of the photocatalytic activity, which was dependent on the wavelength of the irradiation. Given the dramatically improved photocatalytic performance, together with the reproducible and uniform SERS signals verified by the Raman mapping results, the large area ordered asymmetric metal/semiconductor nanoarrays have been demonstrated to be suitable for further applications in multifunctional photoelectrochemical chips.
Co-reporter:Yingjian Yu, Chuang Yue, Shibo Sun, Wei Lin, Hang Su, Binbin Xu, Juntao Li, Suntao Wu, Jing Li, and Junyong Kang
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 Volume 6(Issue 8) pp:5884
Publication Date(Web):March 28, 2014
DOI:10.1021/am500782b
Connected and airbag isolated Si–Ge nanorod (NR) arrays in different configurations have been fabricated on wafer scale Si substrates as anodes in micro-lithium ion batteries (LIBs), and the impacts of configurations on electrochemical properties of the electrodes were investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is demonstrated that the Si inner cores can be effectively protected by the connected Ge shells and contribute to the enhanced capacity by ∼68%, derived from an activation process along with the amorphization of the crystalline lattice. The first-principles calculations further verify the smaller forces on the Si layers at the atomic level during the restricted volume expansion with the covering of Ge layers. This work provides general guidelines for designing other composites and core–shell configurations in electrodes of micro-LIBs to accomplish higher capacities and longer cycle lives.Keywords: activation; capacity proportion; core−shell structure; force; lithium ion battery; silicon−germanium nanorod arrays;
Co-reporter:Jun Yin;Yang Li;Shengchang Chen;Junyong Kang;Wei Li;Peng Jin;Yonghai Chen;Zhihao Wu;Jiangnan Dai;Yanyan Fang;Changqing Chen
Advanced Optical Materials 2014 Volume 2( Issue 5) pp:451-458
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/adom.201300463
The surface plasmon (SP)-exciton coupling effect has attractive potential applications in nitride semiconductor-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with improved performances by enhancing the spontaneous radiative recombination rate, especially for AlGaN-based deep UV LEDs with an intrinsic low internal quantum efficiency (IQE). In this work, significant deep UV emission enhancement is demonstrated on AlGaN-based multiple quantum well (MQW) structure by introducing the coupling of local surface plasmons (LSPs) from Al nanoparticles (NPs) with the excitons in AlGaN MQWs. By precisely manipulating the size of the Al NPs, the evolution of emission wavelength and enhancement ratio for the SP-coupled AlGaN MQWs along with the change of the LSP properties is investigated in detail. With respect to the bare MQWs, strong emission enhancements accompanied by large shifts towards shorter wavelengths are observed from the AlGaN MQW structure decorated with Al NPs, which is proposed to originate from the suppressing of the ground state exciton emission and the strongly enhanced emission from the high-order QW exciton states by the LSP–exciton coupling process. Theoretical calculations confirm that the higher energy sub-band e2–hh2 transition from the MQWs is the maximum enhanced emission channel through the SP coupling process.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Chuang Yue, Yashu Zang, Ching-Hsueh Chiu, Jinchai Li, Hao-Chung Kuo, Zhihao Wu, Jing Li, Yanyan Fang and Changqing Chen
Nanoscale 2013 vol. 5(Issue 10) pp:4436-4442
Publication Date(Web):21 Mar 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3NR00920C
The effect of direct metal coating on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of ZnO nanorods (NRs) has been investigated in detail in this work. The direct coating of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) induces remarkable enhancement of the surface exciton (SX) emissions from the ZnO NRs. Meanwhile, the charge transfer process between ZnO and Ag also leads to notable increment of blue and violet emissions from Zn interstitial defects. A thin SiO2 blocking layer inserted between the ZnO and Ag has been demonstrated to be able to efficiently suppress the defect emission enhancement caused by the direct contact of metal–semiconductor, without weakening the surface-plasmon–exciton coupling effect. A theoretical model considering the type of contacts formed between metals, ZnO and blocking layer is proposed to interpret the change of the PL spectra.
Co-reporter:Yashu Zang, Xu He, Jing Li, Jun Yin, Kongyi Li, Chuang Yue, Zhiming Wu, Suntao Wu and Junyong Kang
Nanoscale 2013 vol. 5(Issue 2) pp:574-580
Publication Date(Web):16 Nov 2012
DOI:10.1039/C2NR32906A
Periodic Ag nanoball (NB) arrays on ZnO hollow nanosphere (HNS) supporting structures were fabricated in a large area by a laser irradiation method. The optimized laser power and spherical supporting structure of ZnO with a certain size and separation were employed to aggregate a sputtering-deposited Ag nano-film into an ordered, large-area, and two dimensional Ag NB array. A significant band edge (BE) emission enhancement of ZnO HNSs was achieved on this Ag NB/ZnO HNS hybrid structure and the mechanism was revealed by further experimental and theoretical analyses. With successfully fabricating the direct-contact structure of a Ag NB on the top of each ZnO HNS, the highly localized quadrupole mode surface plasmon resonance (SPR), realized on the metal NBs in the ultraviolet region, can effectively improve the BE emission of ZnO through strong coupling with the excitons of ZnO. Compared with the dipole mode SPR, the quadrupole mode SPR is insensitive to the metal nanoparticle's size and has a resonance frequency in the BE region of the wide band gap materials, hence, it can be potentially applied in related optoelectronic devices.
Co-reporter:Xu He, Chuang Yue, Yashu Zang, Jun Yin, Shibo Sun, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 vol. 1(Issue 47) pp:15010-15015
Publication Date(Web):15 Oct 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3TA13450D
Urchin-like Ag nanoparticle (NP)/ZnO hollow nanosphere (HNS) arrays were fabricated employing a simple, low cost and wafer scale method consisting of nanosphere lithography (NSL) and solution processes. This three-dimensional (3D) multi-hot spot decorated nanocomposite presents an as high as 108 Raman enhancement using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as the probe with the concentration down to 10−10 M. The high density hot spots in a unit area and strong field intensity around each individual hot spot in 3D layout are believed to be the major reasons for this high sensitivity Raman phenomenon, which is further proved by the theoretical simulation results. Given its high Raman sensitivity and good reproducibility in a large area, this urchin-like Ag NP/ZnO HNS hybrid nanoarray can be reasonably proposed to be used as a SERS substrate in practical applications, including bio-sensing, materials characterization, environmental science and so on.
Co-reporter:Jing Li, Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, Ying-San Chui, Jun Yin, Zhenguo Wu, Chundong Wang, Yashu Zang, Wei Lin, Juntao Li, Suntao Wu and Qihui Wu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 vol. 1(Issue 45) pp:14344-14349
Publication Date(Web):25 Sep 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3TA13537C
The rapid development of small scale electronic devices, such as M/NEMS devices, smart dust, micro or nano bio-sensors and so on, is leading to the urgent need for micro or nano power sources with the possibility for integration. In this work, 3D Si/Ge composite nanorod (NR) arrays were fabricated on wafer-scale Si substrates as anode materials in micro or nano Li ion batteries (LIBs) by a low cost, simple and Si-compatible process. Significantly improved capacities and cycling performances were accomplished in the optimized 3D Si/Ge composite NR array electrode by successfully addressing the volume expansion and conductivity issues. Further theoretical calculations gain more insights into the origins of the improved electrochemical properties by considering the adsorption and diffusion energies of Li ion in Si and Si/Ge unit cells. This study technically and fundamentally provides a perspective idea for practical applications of wafer-scale Si substrates in LIBs with the aim of supplying integrated power for micro or nano scale electronic devices.
Co-reporter:Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, Jun Yin, Tailun Wong, Yashu Zang, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 vol. 1(Issue 27) pp:7896-7904
Publication Date(Web):24 Apr 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3TA10601B
Three-dimensional (3D) Si–SnO2 composite core–shell nanorod arrays were fabricated as the anode material in lithium ion micro-batteries by nanosphere lithography (NSL) combined with inductive coupled plasma (ICP) dry etching technology. The hexagonal bottle-like Si NR arrays in wafer scale with homogeneous morphology and good mechanical structure provide enough space to accommodate the volume expansion during Li ion insertion/de-insertion processes, while the additionally deposited SnO2 thin film was prepared to successfully improve the capacities and cycle performance by configuring the 3D Si–SnO2 NR composite electrode arrays. This fabrication method has the advantages of simplicity, large scale production, easy size and shape manipulations, low cost and Si-process compatibility. This work will facilitate the configuration of solid state micro-batteries for power supply in micro-electronic devices, such as MEMS devices or smart IC chips.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Chuang Yue, Xu He, Jing Li, Zhihao Wu and Yanyan Fang
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2013 vol. 15(Issue 39) pp:16874-16882
Publication Date(Web):13 Aug 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3CP53162G
Optical micro/nano-spherical cavities can be designed to confine light by generating resonances in whispering gallery modes (WGM) and then couple them into the substrate through leaky modes, which can be potentially used in thin film solar cells for absorption enhancements. In this work, the transparent ZnO electrodes in a hollow nanosphere (HNS) structure were proposed as WGM resonators to trap sunlight for the absorption enhancement in silicon thin film solar cells. A low cost and high throughput template based technology was developed to fabricate the ZnO HNS arrays on the Si substrates. Significant simulated absorption enhancement has been demonstrated on the ZnO HNS arrays decorated thin film solar cell with an active layer down to 250 nm in thickness. A 9.3% enhancement in the short circuit current density can be achieved theoretically by comparing the ZnO HNS array modified amorphous Si thin film solar cell with an anti-reflection layer configured cell.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Chuang Yue, Zhiming Wu, Suntao Wu, Jing Li and Zhihao Wu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2012 vol. 22(Issue 16) pp:7902-7909
Publication Date(Web):12 Mar 2012
DOI:10.1039/C2JM16003J
ZnO hollow nanosphere (HNS) arrays decorated with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated on silicon substrates using self-assembled monolayer polystyrene (PS) nanospheres as the template. The O2 plasma etching was introduced to manipulate the diameters of the ZnO HNSs. This fabrication method has the advantages of simplicity, large scale production, easy size and shape manipulations, low cost and bio-compatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the obtained Ag NP–ZnO HNS hybrid structures are hexagonally arranged, with the uniform size and shape, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the ZnO HNS arrays are of high crystal quality and have a dominant orientation of <0001> direction. Resonant Raman scattering spectra reveal the multiphonon A1 (LO) modes of ZnO hollow nanospheres at 574, 1147 and 1725 cm−1. Enhanced resonant Raman scattering from the Ag NP modified ZnO HNSs was observed, indicating a strong energy coupling effect located at the metal/semiconductor interface. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) application for the Ag NP decorated ZnO HNS arrays was verified using a Rhodamine 6G (R6G) chromophore as a standard analyte, which is proved to be an effective SERS template for Raman signal detection. SERS substrates with different structures have been compared, and the Ag NP modified ZnO HNS system exhibits superior Raman scattering enhancements induced by the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. The SERS mechanism was well explained by theoretical calculation results. This study is helpful to fabricate controllable Ag NP arrays using the ZnO HNS as the supporting structure and to understand the mechanism of bio-sensing enhancements due to the LSPR effect originated from the metal NPs and metal/semiconductor interface.
Co-reporter:Xiu-Zhu Lin;Qi-Hui Wu
Nanoscale Research Letters 2010 Volume 5( Issue 1) pp:
Publication Date(Web):2010 January
DOI:10.1007/s11671-009-9456-x
The adsorption of a single Ag atom on both clear Si(111)-7 × 7 and 19 hydrogen terminated Si(111)-7 × 7 (hereafter referred as 19H-Si(111)-7 × 7) surfaces has been investigated using first-principles calculations. The results indicated that the pre-adsorbed H on Si surface altered the surface electronic properties of Si and influenced the adsorption properties of Ag atom on the H terminated Si surface (e.g., adsorption site and bonding properties). Difference charge density data indicated that covalent bond is formed between adsorbed Ag and H atoms on 19H-Si(111)-7 × 7 surface, which increases the adsorption energy of Ag atom on Si surface.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Hui Qu, Jing Cao, Huiling Tai, Jing Li and Nanfeng Zheng
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2016 - vol. 4(Issue 34) pp:NaN13210-13210
Publication Date(Web):2016/07/25
DOI:10.1039/C6TA04465D
Vapor-assisted deposition of organometal trihalide perovskite films shows particular advantages in high-quality film preparation and mass-production because of the precisely controlled vapor–solid reaction. However, a high-vacuum environment is required for the deposition process, which is not suitable for the production of low-cost next-generation solar cells. Here, a modified vapor-assisted deposition method for high-quality perovskite films fully under the ambient atmosphere has been developed that exhibits superior ambient tolerance, even at high relative humidity of over 60%. The crystallization behaviors of the perovskite films were investigated in detail, and were highly dependent on the vapor diffusion and reaction at the interface and film recrystallization induced by the proposed in situ annealing process. The uniform, high-quality perovskite films produced efficient perovskite photovoltaics with power conversion efficiency of over 18% (highest value of 18.90%).
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Jing Cao, Xu He, Shangfu Yuan, Shibo Sun, Jing Li, Nanfeng Zheng and Liwei Lin
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 - vol. 3(Issue 32) pp:NaN16866-16866
Publication Date(Web):2015/07/08
DOI:10.1039/C5TA02843D
Recently, organometal trihalide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone intense development and show huge potential as the next generation of high efficiency photovoltaic (PV) cells. However, the stability of these devices still needs to be improved to enable commercialization, especially the photovoltaic stability under ambient conditions. In this work, the demonstrated greatly improved stability of CH3NH3PbI3 based PSCs in ambient air has been achieved by controlling the mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) layer in the devices. With the optimized thickness of the m-TiO2 layer, rather stable devices which maintain over 85% of the initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) even after ∼2400 hours (100 days) storage in air were accomplished. It is evidenced that the suppressed decomposition of perovskite and the well-kept charge transportation are majorly responsible for the improved air-stability of the device.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Chuang Yue, Xu He, Jing Li, Zhihao Wu and Yanyan Fang
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2013 - vol. 15(Issue 39) pp:NaN16882-16882
Publication Date(Web):2013/08/13
DOI:10.1039/C3CP53162G
Optical micro/nano-spherical cavities can be designed to confine light by generating resonances in whispering gallery modes (WGM) and then couple them into the substrate through leaky modes, which can be potentially used in thin film solar cells for absorption enhancements. In this work, the transparent ZnO electrodes in a hollow nanosphere (HNS) structure were proposed as WGM resonators to trap sunlight for the absorption enhancement in silicon thin film solar cells. A low cost and high throughput template based technology was developed to fabricate the ZnO HNS arrays on the Si substrates. Significant simulated absorption enhancement has been demonstrated on the ZnO HNS arrays decorated thin film solar cell with an active layer down to 250 nm in thickness. A 9.3% enhancement in the short circuit current density can be achieved theoretically by comparing the ZnO HNS array modified amorphous Si thin film solar cell with an anti-reflection layer configured cell.
Co-reporter:Jun Yin, Yashu Zang, Chuang Yue, Zhiming Wu, Suntao Wu, Jing Li and Zhihao Wu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2012 - vol. 22(Issue 16) pp:
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1039/C2JM16003J
Co-reporter:Jing Li, Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, Ying-San Chui, Jun Yin, Zhenguo Wu, Chundong Wang, Yashu Zang, Wei Lin, Juntao Li, Suntao Wu and Qihui Wu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 - vol. 1(Issue 45) pp:NaN14349-14349
Publication Date(Web):2013/09/25
DOI:10.1039/C3TA13537C
The rapid development of small scale electronic devices, such as M/NEMS devices, smart dust, micro or nano bio-sensors and so on, is leading to the urgent need for micro or nano power sources with the possibility for integration. In this work, 3D Si/Ge composite nanorod (NR) arrays were fabricated on wafer-scale Si substrates as anode materials in micro or nano Li ion batteries (LIBs) by a low cost, simple and Si-compatible process. Significantly improved capacities and cycling performances were accomplished in the optimized 3D Si/Ge composite NR array electrode by successfully addressing the volume expansion and conductivity issues. Further theoretical calculations gain more insights into the origins of the improved electrochemical properties by considering the adsorption and diffusion energies of Li ion in Si and Si/Ge unit cells. This study technically and fundamentally provides a perspective idea for practical applications of wafer-scale Si substrates in LIBs with the aim of supplying integrated power for micro or nano scale electronic devices.
Co-reporter:Xu He, Chuang Yue, Yashu Zang, Jun Yin, Shibo Sun, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 - vol. 1(Issue 47) pp:NaN15015-15015
Publication Date(Web):2013/10/15
DOI:10.1039/C3TA13450D
Urchin-like Ag nanoparticle (NP)/ZnO hollow nanosphere (HNS) arrays were fabricated employing a simple, low cost and wafer scale method consisting of nanosphere lithography (NSL) and solution processes. This three-dimensional (3D) multi-hot spot decorated nanocomposite presents an as high as 108 Raman enhancement using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as the probe with the concentration down to 10−10 M. The high density hot spots in a unit area and strong field intensity around each individual hot spot in 3D layout are believed to be the major reasons for this high sensitivity Raman phenomenon, which is further proved by the theoretical simulation results. Given its high Raman sensitivity and good reproducibility in a large area, this urchin-like Ag NP/ZnO HNS hybrid nanoarray can be reasonably proposed to be used as a SERS substrate in practical applications, including bio-sensing, materials characterization, environmental science and so on.
Co-reporter:Chuang Yue, Yingjian Yu, Jun Yin, Tailun Wong, Yashu Zang, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2013 - vol. 1(Issue 27) pp:NaN7904-7904
Publication Date(Web):2013/04/24
DOI:10.1039/C3TA10601B
Three-dimensional (3D) Si–SnO2 composite core–shell nanorod arrays were fabricated as the anode material in lithium ion micro-batteries by nanosphere lithography (NSL) combined with inductive coupled plasma (ICP) dry etching technology. The hexagonal bottle-like Si NR arrays in wafer scale with homogeneous morphology and good mechanical structure provide enough space to accommodate the volume expansion during Li ion insertion/de-insertion processes, while the additionally deposited SnO2 thin film was prepared to successfully improve the capacities and cycle performance by configuring the 3D Si–SnO2 NR composite electrode arrays. This fabrication method has the advantages of simplicity, large scale production, easy size and shape manipulations, low cost and Si-process compatibility. This work will facilitate the configuration of solid state micro-batteries for power supply in micro-electronic devices, such as MEMS devices or smart IC chips.
Co-reporter:Yashu Zang, Jun Yin, Xu He, Chuang Yue, Zhiming Wu, Jing Li and Junyong Kang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 - vol. 2(Issue 21) pp:NaN7753-7753
Publication Date(Web):2014/03/26
DOI:10.1039/C4TA00824C
Two different asymmetric Ag/ZnO composite nanoarrays were fabricated. These nanoarrays are proposed as highly sensitive and uniform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with plasmonic-enhanced UV-visible photocatalytic properties for self-cleaning. The asymmetric nanostructures are composed of Ag nanoparticles hanging inside or capping on the top of ZnO hollow nanospheres, which allows the generation of a strong local electric field near the contact area owing to the asymmetric dielectric environment. Experimental and simulation results showed that these asymmetric structures are favorable for achieving high photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light irradiation, in addition to improving the SERS performance. The electron transfer model based on band gap alignment was employed to further illustrate the mechanisms of the photocatalytic activity, which was dependent on the wavelength of the irradiation. Given the dramatically improved photocatalytic performance, together with the reproducible and uniform SERS signals verified by the Raman mapping results, the large area ordered asymmetric metal/semiconductor nanoarrays have been demonstrated to be suitable for further applications in multifunctional photoelectrochemical chips.
![2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one](http://img.cochemist.com/ccimg/5300/5291-32-7.png)
![2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one](http://img.cochemist.com/ccimg/5300/5291-32-7_b.png)
![Hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene](/data/chemimg/1472400/190-24-9.png)
![Hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene](/data/chemimg/1472400/190-24-9_b.png)
